Mambakwedza ekupedzisira kuratidzira kukuru kunotanga pazuva iri renhoroondo. Mambakwedza ari kumashure kwedu, kupenya kwakapfava kwekutanga kwekutsutsumwa kukuru kunotangira kudzoka kwaJesu kunopenyera Germany nenyika. Pamakore mazana mashanu ekutanga kweReformation, kuvandudzwa kwesangano guru, rekupedzisira reAdvent richapiwa chiedza icho vanhu vose vachaona musimba raro rokuporesa.

Nhasi anonyora kufa kwechiPurotesitendi chepamutemo. Kutsutsumwa kwekereke yeevangelical ndeyenhoroondo. Muna Kurume 2014, nyika yechiKristu yakacherekedza apo Bhishopi weAnglican Tony Palmer akaudza vamiriri vakakurumbira vesangano reevhangeri nereshasha: "Kuratidzira kwapera." Joint Declaration pamusoro peDzidziso yeKururamiswa pakati peLutheran World Federation neChechi yeRoma Katurike muna 1999. Makore 3 1/2 apfuura kubva pakutaura kwenhau kwaPalmer, nguva pfupi umo kuratidzira kwakaitikawo mumachechi evaHussite nevaWaldensia, vatangiri vakuru veChinjo. yasvika pakuguma. Zvinenge zvese zvechirairo zvechechi zvakabuda muReformation zvakapedza kuratidzira kwakavaita. De jure akavawana Joint statement Mumwe akasaina muWorld Council of Methodist Churches musi wa23 Chikunguru, 2006, uye musi wa04 Chikunguru, 2017 pamusangano wemachechi muWittenberg, World Community of Reformed Churches yakabatanawo nechiziviso ichi. Kushurikidzwa kwedzidziso kwekare pamusoro pemubvunzo unokosha zvikuru wenzira yomunhu yoruponeso chinhu chekare papepa.

Pamutemo, hapasisina "maPurotesitendi". Ichi ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chemazuva ano. "Yayananiswa" neRoma mudzidziso yepakati yekururamiswa, mumweya wekubatana kwemakereke, Chechi yePurotesitendi inotarira shure kune zvakaitika makore mazana mashanu apfuura. Zuva regore negore reReformation, iro rakatanga gore rapfuura nhasi, rakaratidzwa nemhemberero dzemachechi dzakagadzirirwa kuratidzira kunyika: zvikonzero zve "kurwadza" kwemapoka echechi kuMadokero zvakabviswa.

Rusando rwanhasi rwemafaro muWittenberg naizvozvo runozivikanwawo nechitendero chiri kutanga, chakapedzwa, mupfungwa yechirairo chakazara muKudya kwaShe Kwemanheru neYukaristiya pakati peChechi dzePurotesitendi neRoma Katurike, iyo machechi ose ari maviri anoshuva zvikuru. “Kubatana kunooneka mukusiyana kwakayananiswa”, nemisiyano inogona kuramba ichiripo, asi iyo yakarasikirwa nehunhu hwavo hwekuparadzanisa chechi - makereke ese ari maviri akazvipira kune chinangwa ichi, zvisinei nekuti izvi zvichazoguma nekubatanidzwazve kwemakereke kana kwete.

Padanho rezvidzidzo zvouMwari, kunze kwemubvunzo weYukaristiya, mubvunzo chete wekunzwisisa kwehushumiri neChechi, iyo yakanyatsopindirana nayo, ine hunhu hunopatsanura makereke munhaurirano dzemakereke. Basa ranhasi redzidziso yebhaibheri reecumenical richatarisa zvakanyanya pane izvi kupfuura nakare kose. Kuna Pope Francis, zvisinei, kubvumirana kuchiri kushaikwa pano hakuratidzike semhinganidzo chaiyo munzira inoenda kuruwadzano rwechechi yakapoteredza “Tafura yaShe”. Achitaura kuvaLutheran vokuItaly musi waNovember 15, 2015, akati: »Kutenda kumwe, rubhabhatidzo rumwe, Ishe mumwe, saka Pauro anotitaurira, uye kubva ipapo iwe unowana mhedziso [...] Kana tine rubhabhatidzo rwakafanana, tinofanira kuenda pamwe chete. « (mabviro) Musi wa03 Gumiguru, 2017, Vatican Radio yakashuma kuti: »Tinotsanangura kuti Pope Francis vanofungidzira sei kuti kungangove kwechiKristu ‘kubatanidzwazve’ - uye mukuita izvi tinowana zvinoshamisa kuti, kuna Francis, vaKristu vagara vakabatana kwenguva refu.mabviro)

Kuna Sachigaro weKanzuru yeEvangelical Church muGermany (EKD), Heinrich Bedford-Strohm, kune tariro yakasimba mukuedza kwemakereke kwaPapa iyezvino, uyo ari kutora “basa rinokosha” muecumenism uye “[anopa] zvikonzero zvose ita saizvozvo, uye kutarisira kwakawanda mhepo mune ramangwana, "Bedford-Strohm akaudza German Press Agency muRome zuva rakapfuura nezuro. Izvi zvakaenderera mberi zvichiti: »Mutungamiriri weEKD uye bhishopi wedunhu reBavaria anoronga kunyora tsamba kuna papa nasachigaro weGerman Bishops’ Conference, Cardinal Reinhard Marx, uye kumuudza nezvehurongwa hwemachechi muGermany.« (mabviro) Marx, akatenda EKD musi wa 10 Gumiguru nekuda kweiyo ecumenical dzidziso yemhemberero yeReformation (mabviro), akataura pachena musi weSvondo nokuda kwokubatanidzwazve kwemachechi echiKristu. »Tave nemakore tichikurudzira izvi. Ndizvo zvandinonamatira, ndizvo zvandinoshandira," Marx akaudza bepanhau mufananidzo weSvondo (mabviro).

Kuratidzira kwomunguva yakapfuura kwakaona chinzwano chisingaparadzanisiki mumubvunzo wokururamiswa kana kuti rudzikinuro uye mune uyo wokunzwisiswa kwechechi nehofisi, pakujekeswa uko kuwadzana kwetafura yechechi muChirairo chaShe kunotsamira. Kureurura kwaLuther muna 1537 kwakavakirwa panzwisiso iyi: "Saka isu tiri uye ticharamba takarambana nokusingaperi uye tichipikisa mumwe nomumwe." Hurukuro neVatican Radio akati: "Hapana anogona kutiparadzanisa zvakare!"

Kumumutsiridzi, kwete chete dzidziso yeruramiso yakanga isingagone kupindurwa, asiwo fungidziro pamubvunzo isingagoneki. Kwaari, chikonzero cheizvi chaive chekuti manzwisisiro eRoman Catholic ekururamisa aive asina hwaro muBhaibheri, asi aingogona kureva tsika dzekereke. Kunyange dare guru raizongoshanda chete, seizvo Luther akaziva pakutanga, kana dzidziso netsika yokutenda ‘zvikakurukurirwa’ zvosarudzwa pahwaro bedzi hweMagwaro Matsvene. Nemhaka yokuti “kunyange matare anogona uye akakanganisa,” kwakanga kuri kutaura kwake kwechimurenga muLeipzig Disputation muna 1519. Pashure pokuparadzana kwokupedzisira neRoma pakupera kwa1520, mutsigiri ari wose weChinjo akanga akajeka saLuther amene: bedzi neBhaibheri sezvakaita se. iyo chete inosunga tsika - sola scriptura - paizova nekuvandudzwa kwechirairo chekereke neRoma. KuRoma, zvisinei, izvi zvaisazoreva chimwe chinhu kunze kwokurambwa kwenzwisiso yavo yechechi neushumiri. Mutengo uyu wakanyanya kukwirisa kuRoma paKanzuru yeTrent (1545-1563). Luther akafa mukutanga kwedare iroro, ane kukundikana kwaakaona zvakajeka. NaJeremia akakwanisa kutaura, kuti: “Taida kuporesa Bhabhironi, asi harina kuporeswa.” ( Jeremia 51,9:XNUMX ) Naizvozvo, Bhabhironi rakanga richida kuporesa Bhabhironi.

Zvamazvirokwazvo, “hongu” yeRoma Katurike yechokwadi kunzwisiso yeReformation yeruramiso yaizotungamirira nenzira isingadzivisiki kukuzviparadza kwekereke iyoyo. Izvi zvinogona "kukanganwa" muhurukuro yechechi nokuti kunzwisisa kweChechi yeLutheran zvinoreva zvinoreva Sola Scripura nheyo yakashanduka. Muzvinyorwa zvekutanga zveKanzuru yeEKD kururamiswa uye rusununguko. 500 makore eReformation 2017 ndizvo here [zvinonzi:

»Sola scriptura haichakwanise kunzwisiswa nenzira imwechete nhasi sezvazvaive panguva yeReformation. Kusiyana nevamutsiridzi, vanhu nhasi vanoziva kuti kusikwa kwemagwaro eBhaibheri ega ega nendaza yebhaibheri pachayo inzira yetsika. Kupikisa kwekare pakati pe'Rugwaro rwoga' ne'Rugwaro netsika', uko kuchiri kutema Reformation ne Counter-Reformation, hakuchashandi sezvayaiita muzana ramakore rechigumi nematanhatu... Kubva muzana ramakore rechigumi nenomwe, zvinyorwa zvebhaibheri zvave zvichingogara zvichibva munhoroondo. uye yakatsvakurudzwa zvakadzama. Nokudaro havachagoni kunzwisiswa ‘seShoko raMwari’ sezvavakanga vakaita munguva yevamutsiridzi. Vamutsiridzi vakafunga kuti zvinyorwa zvebhaibheri zvakapiwa chaizvoizvo naMwari pachake. Nekuda kweshanduro dzakasiyana dzechikamu chezvinyorwa kana kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana zvezvinyorwa, pfungwa iyi haichakwanisi kuchengetedzwa.« (p. 83, 84)

Sezvo Chechi yeLutheran yakarasa hwaro iyo yakambotungamirira kuChinjo, yakakwanisa kusvika kuRoma munheyo pamubvunzo uri wose. Hwaro hweizvi inzira yenhoroondo-yakakosha yekupirikira, inova chiyero mumakereke ese nhasi. Anosiyanisa “Rugwaro Dzvene” ne“Shoko raMwari,” iro risina kufanana neBhaibheri, asi rinogona kunzwika mariri. Mune mazwi ekutanga chinyorwa:

"Kusvikira nhasi, vanhu vari kutaurwa mukati, nepasi pezvinyorwa izvi uye vanobatwa kusvika pakadzika - sezvakatsanangurwa kakawanda mudzidziso yebhaibheri yeReformation sechimiro cheshoko raMwari. Nenzira iyi, zvinyorwa izvi zvichiri kugona kutorwa se ›Izwi raMwari‹nhasi. Uku hakusi kungofungidzira, asi tsananguro yezvakaitika nezvinyorwa izvi: Kunyange nhasi, vanhu pavanoverenga kana kunzwa zvinyorwa izvi - kwete nguva nenguva, asi zvakare uye zvakare - vanonzwa kuti zvine chokwadi, chokwadi pamusoro pavo, nyika. uye Mwari anovabatsira. Naizvozvo, zvinyorwa izvi zvichiri kuumba gwara reChechi.« (p. 85, 86)

Maitiro eecumenical anogona chete kunzwisiswa pasi pemamiriro aya. Chete pasi pezvimiro izvi ndipo panogona kuita chimiro cheecumenically chechiitiko chanhasi, chinoyeukwa zvine mutsindo nemakereke, zvematongerwo enyika uye nzanga.

Ndizvo zvakare Joint Declaration pamusoro peDzidziso yeKururamiswa zvingangove zvakamuka nokusiya musimboti weReformation sola scriptura, zvichavawo pachena kune chero munhuwo zvake uyo, pasina rusaruro uye nokuda zvokwadi, anonzvera maidi akadzama zvizere. Zvakadini, kunyanguvezvo, kumutakuri ane zivo wenhaka yechiPurotesitendi?

Asi apo kereke yeEvangelical inopemberera Luther yakabviswa pazvinonetsa Luther, apo, pamakore ane 500 anofananidzira kuumbwa kwayo, inozivisa pachena nhaka yayo yakatengwa zvikuru uye inowira mu "chitsotsi" (Danieri 8,25:XNUMX) yesimba iro rine simba. nhaka chete ropa nemisodzi uye vane mirangariro chaizvoizvo yakaramba isina kuchinjwa, fungidziro yorufu yeChinjo yakanzwika pamusoro peWittenberg “itsva”. Kuratidzira kwapera zviri pamutemo uye zviri pachena nhoroondo kubva nhasi.

Zvisinei, naikoko, chiratidzo chokuberekwazve kwechiPurotesitendi chinopiwa nhasi! Chiratidzo chechiporofita chemutsidziro yekuratidzira, kwakatanga paCastle Church muWittenberg nekurova nesando, chakabuda muukuru husingaenzaniswi kubva pamiromo yaLuther muWorms muna 1521 uye chakarira zvine simba kubva mumiromo yemachinda eGerman muSpeyer muna 1529, muna XNUMX. awa huru yenhoroondo, senge murwiyo rweBach.

Muchokwadi, hapana chinhu chanhasi chichazofanana zvakare. Kubata pamuviri kwekufananidzira kwaOctober 31, 2017 hakugoni kudarika: izvo vatungamiri vechechi uye vadzidzisi vebhaibheri vakaisa papepa muna 1999, semugumisiro wemakumi emakore emabasa echechi, ikozvino inotumira marara ayo "akajeka" munyika yose. Ndivo zviratidzo zveMitemo yeSvondo, mambakwedza anonyengera enyika yakayananiswa naMwari uye pachayo, nhanganyaya ye "Reich yemakore 1000" iri kusvika nokukurumidza "ne"rugare nechengeteko" yepasi rose.

“Umambo” umo, zvisinei, muchange musisina nzvimbo nokuda kwomunhu upi noupi achatenda sezvakadavira Martin Luther.

Nhema dzaTetzel hadzina kugara. Tiara yaPope yakazununguka apo mumongi weAugustinian akatora chinyoreso chake. Nokuti Mweya waMwari wakanga uri muchinyoreso ichocho. Imba yakavakwa “pajecha” ( Mateu 7,26:20,8 ) inofanira kuputsika pachayo. Vanovimba nengoro namabhiza; asi isu tinorangarira zita raJehovha Mwari wedu.” ( Pisarema XNUMX:XNUMX ) “Mashoko« eecumenism akavakirwa panheyo yakasimba seyakamira Tetzeri. Asi kunyange basa gurusa haringagoni kuvapo kunze kwokunge rakavakirwa pachokwadi.

"Ecumenism"! Yakave iyo dictum yeramangwana reEurope nenyika. Ndiro shoko riri kutumirwa kubva kuWittenberg nhasi. Asi harina mwero wezvokwadi wakaunza Kuchinja.

“Nenyasha dzaMwari, uku kurova kwakaitwa nomumongi weWittenberg kwakazunungusa hwaro hwoupapa. Vaimutsigira akaomesa mitezo uye akatya. Akamutsa zviuru kubva muhope dzenhema nokutenda mashura. Mibvunzo yaakamutsa muzvinyorwa zvake yakapararira muGermany yose mumazuva mashomanana, uye mumavhiki mashoma yakapinda muchiKristu chose.” (Ellen White, Zviratidzo Zvenguva, June 14, 1883) “Inzwi raLuther rakanzwika richibva mumakomo nomumipata ... Rakazunungusa Europe sokudengenyeka kwapasi.” ( Ibid., February 19, 1894)

Kudanidzira kukuru kuna Zvakazarurwa 18 kuchasvika kumarudzi ose enyika ino munguva pfupi zvikuru. Ichafambisa mwoyo yevezvematongerwo enyika vedu uye kutungamira mutungamiri wese uye mugari wenyika yedu nedzimwe nyika dzese kuita sarudzo. Semazuva anotevera Gumiguru 31, 1517.

“Uye shure kwaizvozvi ndakaona mutumwa achiburuka kubva kudenga, ane simba guru, uye nyika yakavhenekerwa nokubwinya kwayo. Akadanidzira nesimba nenzwi guru, achiti: Rawa, rawa, Bhabhironi, guta guru, uye rava ugaro hwemadhimoni, nejere remweya yose yetsvina, nejere reshiri dzose dzine tsvina dzinovengwa. Nokuti marudzi ose akanwa waini inopisa youpombwe hwaro, namadzimambo enyika akaita upombwe naro, navashambadziri venyika vakafuma nokuwanda kwaro. Zvino ndakanzwa rimwe inzwi richibva kudenga, richiti: Budai mariri, vanhu vangu, kuti murege kugovana pazvivi zvaro, kuti murege kugamuchira zvematambudziko aro. Nokuti zvivi zvavo zvinosvika kudenga, uye Mwari warangarira zvisakarurama zvavo.”—Zvakazarurwa 18,1:5-XNUMX.

Nguva yakanga yasvika yokuti Luther ataure apo, pashure pokunge asangana noMudzikinuri wake, akaziva kuti icho chakanga chashanda kuna Tenzi wake chaishandawo kwaari: “Ini ndakaberekwa, uye ndakauya munyika, kuti ndipupurire zvokwadi.” ( Johane 18,37 . 3,7) Paakanzwisisa nokutendeuka kwake kuti mugumo usingagumi wemamiriyoni evanhu waitsamira pakuparidzwa kweevhangeri yechokwadi, Muparidzi XNUMX:XNUMX yakava murayiro waMwari wokuti ataure nokuita. Hapana chaigona kuderedza chishuvo chake chokushandira ruponeso rwaavo vakamupoteredza pashure pokunge asangana naJesu Kristu pachake.

Asi mambakwedza ekuratidzira kwokupedzisira, kwakafanotaurwa neShoko raMwari, kuri kutanga nhasi, muawa imene iyo ruoko rwouhama rwakatambanudzwa kubva kuCastle Church muWittenberg kuenda kuna bhishopi weRoma. (Basa rekunamata regore reReformation)

“Uye Mwari akati: Ngakuve nechiedza! Uye chiedza chakavapo." (Genesi 1:1,3)