Vamwe vanopemberera zuva regore negore nokuti vanokoshesa Svondo sezuva rokuzorora. Vamwe vanorangarira zuva rokunyevera pamusoro pokuganhurirwa kworusununguko rwokutenda nehana uye kusarura avo vanofunga zvakasiyana. Asi mutemo weSvondo waMarch 7, 321 wakanga une revo yakasiyana chose, inosuruvarisa zvikuru.

Jacques Doukhan muJudha uye, seSeventh-day Adventist, muKristu zvakare. Ndosaka akabata zvakasimba nekuzivikanwa kwake. Aya mazita anowirirana here? Kuti apindure mibvunzo iyi, anojekesa mubhuku rake Israeri neChechi hukama pakati pechiJudha nechiKristu kubva pakutanga uye hunosvika pamhedziso dzinofadza. Mutemo weSvondo unoita basa risiri risingakoshi mune izvi:

VaKristu vekutanga vaive vaJudha

Zviri pachena kuti vaKristu vokutanga vaiva vaJudha. Zvadaro: Jesu muJudha. Dzinza rake, zita rake, mazita ake okuremekedza, kuva kwake Mesiya, chitarisiko chake, mutauro wake, kurerwa kwake, chitendero, zvokudya norubhapatidzo, minyengetero yake, zvishamiso, nzira dzokudzidzisa uye revo yorufu rwake segwayana rePaseka, kuvigwa kwake, kunyange kukwira kudenga: zvese zvaive zvechiJudha nekupfuura. Hapana kana nguva yaakambotyora hunhu hwake.

Vadzidzi vake vaivewo vaJudha. Chimiro chavo cheudzidzi chega chaive chechiJudha, sehuwandu hwavo, kutumira kunze, mabviro nekudzidziswa. Havana kubvira vatendeuka kubva kuchiJudha kuenda kuchiKristu, asi vakaona Mesiasi ari iye akapa revo yakazara pakuzivikanwa kwavo kwechiJudha. Vaitaura tsika nedzidziso dzechiJudha uye vakaramba vachiita zvechiJudha kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwavo.

Magwaro matsvene echiJudha

Petro akangowedzera tsamba dzaPauro kubhaibheri rose ( 2 Petro 3,16:XNUMX ). Saka vaKristu vapakuvamba vairangarira manyoro avo kuva echiJudha here? Chero zvazvingava, manyoro ekare eBhaibheri anonokorwa mashoko zvikuru imomo. Chimiro cheTestamente Itsva chinobva pazviri. Rakanyorwa navaJudha nokuda kwavaJudha, zviri mukati maro ndezvechiJudhawo zvikuru pakunyatsonzvera, nokuti rinonyudza shoko reBhaibheri rechiHebheru kunyange zvakadzika zvikuru mumwoyo. Kunyangwe mirairo "mitsva" yaive yekare, asi zvino yakauya pamwe nehutsva hutsva.

Kusvika panguva ino, maKristu mazhinji anobvumirana pari zvino. Kuurayiwa kweHolocaust kwakaita kuti vakawanda vafunge zvakasiyana. Kuurayiwa kweHolocaust kusati kwaitika, vanhu vaiona zvinhu zvakasiyana chaizvo. Nekudaro, vashoma chete ndivo vanoziva zvinotevera zvakawanikwa:

VaJudha vakawanda kwazvo vaiva vaKristu

Jesu paakaparidza, mapoka evaJudha akamutevera. Akanga akakurumbira zvokuti vatongi vechiJudha vakatanga kutya. Kuti vasarase simba ravo, vakarangana kumuuraya. Mukupesana nomutemo wechiJudha, ivo vakamubvunzurudza usiku nokuda kwokutya vanhu. PaPaseka kwaivawo nevaJudha vazhinji vaibva kunze kwenyika muJerusarema vakanga vasinganyatsozivi Jesu. Vakashandisa mukana uyu kuti vawane mutongo werufu kubva kuvaRoma vachimupikisa. Vaisagona kuwana zviri nyore mashoko okuti “Murovererei” kubva kuvaJudha vaigara muIsraeri, tisingatauri nezvevanhu vasingaverengeki vaakanga aporesa.

Mukurumbira waJesu hauna kudzikira mushure mekurovererwa kwake. Mabasa anotaura nezvokukura kuvaJudha vanenge 20.000 2,41 vakagamuchira Mesiya ( Mabasa 4,4:9,31; 14,1:21,2; 6,7:15,5; 1,16:2,9.10; XNUMX:XNUMX ), kubatanidza vaprista navaFarise vakawanda ( XNUMX:XNUMX; XNUMX, XNUMX ) ) Tichifunga nezvemishumo yacho, kunyange vaJudha vakawanda vaiva munzanga dzakapararira vakagamuchira Mesiya, dzimwe nguva kunyange nhengo dzavo dzose. Somuenzaniso, hafu yavaEtiopia vaiva vaJudha, uye vanenge vose vakagamuchira Jesu saMesiya. Kwose kwose vaJudha vouMesia vaienda kumasinagogi ehurumende paSabata panzvimbo pokuvamba nzvimbo dzavo vamene dzokunamatira. Nokuti Pauro akaparidzira musimboti wokuti: “kutanga kuvaJudha” ( VaRoma XNUMX:XNUMX; XNUMX:XNUMX, XNUMX ).

MaJuda mazhinji vakaramba vari maKristu kunyangwe Tembere yaparadzwa

Qumran yakakundwa nevaRoma muna AD 68, Temberi yakaparadzwa muna AD 70, Masada yakadonha muna AD 73. Izvi zvakaparadza nzvimbo dzevaEssene, vaSadhusi nemaZealot. Vakarasikirwa nezvavanoreva uye vakanyangarika munhoroondo. Mapoka echiJudha chete akapona aiva maKristu nevaFarisi.

VaKristu havana kuparadzana nevaJudha kusvikira muzana remakore rechina

Kurambwa chete kweSabata rakanamwa neConstantinian Sunday Law 321 uye kuderedzwa kwekupedzisira kweTorah nemaKristu kwakatungamira kumisevhisi yakaparadzana, kusimuka kwechiKristu kune chinzvimbo chekereke yehurumende uye kutambudzwa kwevaJudha vasiri maKristu. Kuvenga vaJudha kwechitendero kwakatangwa. VaKristu vakazviparadzanisa nechiJudha uye vakapomera vaJudha vasiri vaKristu kuti vazviuraya.

Mamiriro ezvinhu akaipa airamba achiwedzera evaJudha kwemazana emakore akaita kuti vawedzere kuwedzera pfuma yavo musirivha nendarama, sezvo zvakanga zviri nyore kufamba uye kuvanza. Vakatangawo kushanda sevabhengi, rimwe remabasa mashoma akanga asara kwavari muMiddle Ages. Ghettoization yakatanga. MaJuda aionekwa sezvipuka zvine ngozi. Zvimwe zvacho inhoroondo! Kwaifungidzirwa kuti deicide inofanira kutsiviwa.

Kutsiva Theology

Paivawo nedzidziso yezvoumwari yaishora vaJudha: Mwari akanga aramba Israeri uye chiKristu chakatora nzvimbo yacho. Pauro akanga apikisa izvi zvakasimba (VaRoma 11,1:XNUMXff).

Chirevo chekutanga chekupiswa kwesinagogi chakatangira muna 355 AD kubva kuchamhembe kweItaly. Chechi yakavakwa panzvimbo yayo. Zvakabva zvaitika kwose kwose. Varwi veHondo Dzorudzidziso vakauraya vaJudha zvinotyisa uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo vakavaparadza chose chose. Pasi pechiratidzo chemuchinjikwa, Nyika Tsvene neJerusarema zvakatorwa. Kwenguva yakati maMuslim vakanga vachiri kupa maJuda hutiziro kubva kuvatambudzi vavo. Asi pakupedzisira kwakava neHolocaust.

Israeri weMweya akatsiva Israeri wenyama, nyasha dzakatsiva mutemo, manzwiro akatsiva kururamisira netsika, Mwari ane rudo anotapira Jesu ari muchidyiro ane godo, anokandira mheni YHWH. Kutenda kwakapa nzira kudzidziso, Testamente Yekare kuItsva, Sabata kuSvondo, Mwari asingaoneki kumuchinjikwa unooneka. Yakanga isisiri nyaya yemaonero nezviitiko muzvisikwa zvikuru zvaMwari, asi yezvemweya, yekudzokera shure.

Mugero wakadzika

Mupata wakadzika wakazoparadzanisa maKristu nemaJuda. Dzidziso yavo yebhaibheri, tsika nemafungiro zvakawedzera zvakaparadzana mukukakavadzana. MaKristu akapa chikonzero chikurusa cheizvi; nokuti vaJudha vakakumbirwa kuti vasiye kuzivikanwa kwavo uye vave vaKristu kana kuti vatambure nokusarurwa, kutambudzwa uye rufu.

Pashure peHolocaust, vaJudha nevaKristu vakaziva kuti basa guru raiitwa nevaJudha raiva rokuparadza kukuru mune zvokunamata. Zvaizoisa mungozi kuvapo kwetsika nehunhu hwechiJudha zvakafanana. Saka vaKristu vakava vasingateereri uye vaJudha vakava vasingadi kuedza kwasara kuita basa roumishinari.

Mabhiriji matsva

Asi mushure meAuschwitz, kunyangwe maJuda echiKristu havachakwanisa kukanganwa kuzivikanwa kwavo kwechiJudha uye vanozviti. Vanobatsira maKristu kuziva mabviro avo echiJuda. Bato rechiJudha raMesiasi ramuka iro rinonzi ndiro rinokurumidza kukura pamhepo dzose dzechiJudha. VaJudha vakawanda vanochirangarira nenzira yokunyumwira sechiKristu chakavanza, senzira yokunyengera ine mazita echiJudha, ayo anomira shure namasangano echiKristu eufundisi. Kunyanguvezvo, kune vaJudha vouMesia vakawanda zvikuru vanochengeta chaizvoizvo Sabata nemitambo, vanodya kosher, vanoramba chiratidzo chomuchinjikwa nemifananidzo yaJesu, panzvimbo penziyo dzechiKristu, vanoimba nziyo dzeBhaibheri dzechiHebheru kunziyo netsinhirano dzechiJudha, vachidzokorora minyengetero yechiJudha. uye maropafadzo uye kutamira kuIsraeri.

Kubva paruvengo kusvika pakuonga

Iyi ndima iri mubhuku raJacques Doukhan yakanyanya kupinda pasi peganda rangu:

“Muzvinafundo weTestamende Itsva Brad Young akarondedzera chiitiko chinotevera: Pane imwe yunivhesiti inozivikanwa munyika yose, imwe nyanzvi yeTestamende Itsva inosanozivikanwa munyika yose yakati kuvadzidzi vayo: ‘Kuti munhu ave muKristu akanaka anofanira kutanga auraya muJudha anogara maari amene.’ ndokubvunza kuti, ‘Munoreva Jesu here?’” (peji 92)

Pasina vaJudha, vaKristu vaizoshaya uchapupu kumavambo avo. VaJudha vakachengeta Bhaibheri rechiHebheru, mutauro wechiHebheru, uye Sabata riri benyu. Mhemberero dzake dzinoratidza chimwe chinhu chejoie de vivre uye pfungwa yake yerunako. Nekutenda kwavo kwakazara, vanopokana maitiro ehuropi emafungiro edu echiGiriki, ayo anowanzo kutishandura kuva vedzidziso.

Idi rokuti vaJudha vazhinji nhasi vanoramba Mesia nokuda kworutivi rukuru nokuda kwekare yedu yechiKristu, asiwo nokuda kwouchapupu hwedu nhasi, uhwo hunoramba husingadaviriki nemhaka yokuti takabva kure zvikuru nokuzivikanwa kwechiJudha kwaJesu, watinoti tinotevera. Kusangana nemaJuda kunokwanisa kutiita kuti tizive kusasimba uku.

Ndinovimba iyi synopsis yebhuku raJacques Doukhan Israeri neChechi yakanyandura fariro yomuverengi muchidzidzo chacho. Iro bhuku rine mapeji makumi mapfumbamwe nepfumbamwe rakabudiswa naHendrickson Publishers muna 99 uye rakadhindwa zvakare muna 2002 neWipf uye Stock Publishers muEugene, Oregon. Zvakakodzera kuverenga kune chero munhu anogona kutaura Chirungu.