Pana April 26, 1521, Luther akabva kuWorms. Makore anotyisa akavhara nzira yake. Asi paakabuda pagedhi reguta, mwoyo wake wakazara nomufaro nokurumbidza. 'Satani pachake,' akadaro, 'akadzivirira nhare yaPapa; asi Kristu wakaparadza zvikuru. Dhiyabhorosi aifanira kubvuma kuti Mesiya ane simba guru. ”

“Kurwisana muWorms,” inonyora kudaro shamwari yomuchinji, “kwakasunda vanhu pedyo nokure. Sezvo mushumo waro wakapararira muEurope—kuScandinavia, Swiss Alps, maguta eEngland, France neItaly—vakawanda vakagamuchira nokudisa zvombo zvine simba zviri muShoko raMwari.”

Kubva kuWorms: Kuvimbika necaveat imwe

Nenguva dzegumi Luther akabva muguta neshamwari dzake dzakanga dzamuperekedza kuWorms. Varume vakanga vakatasva mabhiza makumi maviri uye boka guru revanhu vakaperekedza ngoro kusvika kumadziro.

Pakudzoka kubva kuWorms, akafunga kunyorera Kaiser zvakare nekuti aisada kuratidzika semupanduki ane mhosva. Mwari ndiye chapupu changu; anoziva pfungwa,' akadaro. “Ndinoda nomwoyo wose kuteerera Mambo wenyu, mukukudzwa kana kunyadziswa, muupenyu kana murufu, nebango rimwechete: kana zvichipesana neShoko raMwari rinomutsa. Muzvinhu zvose zvebhizimisi zvoupenyu mune kuvimbika kwangu kusingaputsiki; nokuti pano kurasikirwa kana kuwana hakunei noruponeso. Asi zvinopesana nokuda kwaMwari kuzviisa pasi pevanhu munhau dzoupenyu husingaperi. Kuteerera kwomudzimu kunamata kwechokwadi uye kunofanira kuchengeterwa Musiki.”

Akatumirawo tsamba ine zvinenge zvirimo kumatunhu eumambo, maakapfupikisa zvaiitika kuWorms. Tsamba iyi yakabaya mwoyo maGerman. Vakaona kuti Luther akanga abatwa zvisina kururama zvikuru namambo navafundisi vakuru, uye vakapandukira zvikuru manyemwe okuzvikudza eupapa.

Kudai Charles V akaziva ukoshi chaihwo kuumambo hwake hwomunhu akafanana naLuther—murume aisagona kutengwa kana kutengeswa, aisazorega nheyo dzake nokuda kweshamwari kana kuti muvengi—angadai akamukoshesa nokumukudza panzvimbo pokumupa mhaka uye kumushora. shun.

Raid sebasa rekununura

Luther akaenda kumba, achigamuchira rukudzo kubva mumifambiro yose youpenyu munzira. Vanokudzwa vechechi vakagamuchira mumongi uyu vachitukwa napapa, uye vakuru vakuru venyika vakakudza murume akanga arambidzwa namambo. Akafunga kutsauka kubva munzira yakananga yekushanyira Mora, kwaakaberekerwa baba vake. Shamwari yake Amsdorf nemutakuri wengoro vakamuperekedza. Vamwe vose veboka racho vakapfuurira kuWittenberg. Mushure mekuzorora kwezuva rine runyararo nehama dzake - izvo zvakasiyanei nemhirizhonga nekupokana muWorms - akatangazve rwendo rwake.

Ngoro yacho sezvayaipfuura nomumupata, vafambi vacho vakasangana nevatasvi vashanu vaiva nezvombo, vakapfeka zviso. Vaviri vakabata Amsdorf nemutakuri wengoro, vamwe vatatu Luther. Chinyararire vakamumanikidza kuti aburuke, vakakanda jasi rejasi pamapfudzi ake ndokumuisa pane rimwe bhiza. Ipapo vakaregedza Amsdorf nemutakuri kuenda. Vese vari vashanu vakasvetukira mumachira ndokunyangarika musango mutema nemusungwa.

Vakafamba nenzira dzinomonereka, dzimwe nguva mberi, dzimwe nguva vachidzokera shure, kuti vatize ani naani aivadzinganisa. Kwava manheru vakatora nzira itsva ndokupfuurira nokukurumidza uye chinyararire nomumasango ane rima, anenge asina kutsika vakananga kumakomo eThuringia. Apa Wartburg yakagadzikwa pachigaro pamusoro pepamusoro waigona kusvikwa chete nemateru uye akaoma mukwidza. Luther akapinzwa mumadziro enhare iyi iri kure nevatapi vake. Masuwo anorema akavhara shure kwake, achimuviga kuti asaonekwe uye azive nezvekunze kwenyika.

Muvandudzi wacho akanga asina kuwira mumaoko evavengi. Murindi akanga atarisa mafambiro ake, uye sezvo dutu rakanga richida kuvhuvhuta pamusoro wake wakanga usina dziviriro, mwoyo wechokwadi uye wakanaka wakamhanyira kumununura. Kwakanga kuri pachena kuti Roma yaizogutsikana bedzi norufu rwake; nzvimbo yokuvanda chete ndiyo yaigona kumununura patsoka dzeshumba.

Pashure pokunge Luther abva kuWorms, mumiriri wapapa akanga awana murayiro wokumupikisa nechisimbiso chamambo nechisimbiso chamambo. Mune uyu murayiro wamambo, Luther akashurikidzwa sa“Satani amene, achizvivanza somunhu mumuitiro womumongi.” Zvakarayirwa kuti basa rake rimiswe nezviyero zvakakodzera. Kumupa pokugara, kumupa zvokudya kana zvokunwa, kumubetsera kana kuti kumutsigira neshoko kana kuti chiito, pachena kana kuti pachivande, kwairambidzwa zvakasimba. Anofanira kutorwa chero kupi zvako oendeswa kune vane masimba - zvakafanana zvinoshanda kune vateveri vake. Zvinhu zvaifanira kutorwa. Zvinyorwa zvake zvinofanira kuparadzwa. Pakupedzisira, munhu upi noupi aizoita ushingi hwokuputsa murayiro uyu aifanira kurambidzwa muReich.

Kaiser akanga ataura, Reichstag yakanga yabvumira chirevo. Ungano yose yevateveri veRoma yakafara. Zvino kuguma kweKuchinja kwakasimbiswa! Boka revanhu vaidavira mashura rakadedera pakutsanangura kwaMambo Luther saSatani akapfeka nguo yomumongi.

Munguva iyi yenjodzi, Mwari akagadzirira muranda wake nzira yokubuda nayo. Mweya Mutsvene akafambisa moyo weMusananguri weSaxony akamupa huchenjeri hwehurongwa hwekuponesa Luther. Frederick akanga azivisa muchinji achiri muWorms kuti rusununguko rwake rwaigona kupirwa kwenguva yakati nokuda kwechengeteko yake neiyo yoKuchinja; asi hapana chairatidza kuti sei. Zano romuvhoti rakaitwa nebatira pamwe yeshamwari chaidzo, uye nokungwarira zvikuru nounyanzvi zvokuti Luther akaramba akanyatsovanzwa kushamwari nevavengi. Zvose kubatwa kwake nenzvimbo yokuvanda zvakanga zvisinganzwisisike zvokuti kwenguva refu kunyange Fedreeriki akanga asingazivi kwaakanga aendeswa. Izvi zvaisave pasina chinangwa: chero bedzi muvhoti aiziva nezvekwaaive naLuther, hapana chaaigona kuzivisa. Akanga ave nechokwadi chokuti muchinji wacho akanga akachengeteka, uye izvozvo zvakanga zvakamukwanira.

Nguva yekuzorora uye mabhenefiti ayo

Chirimo, zhizha, uye matsutso zvakapfuura, uye chando chakasvika. Luther akanga achiri musungo. Aleander nevamwe vake vebato vakafara nekudzima chiedza chevhangeri. Panzvimbo pezvo, Luther akazadza mwenje wake kubva mudura risingaperi rezvokwadi, kuti ripenye nokupenya kwakajeka zvikuru munguva yakafanira.

Kwakanga kusiri nokuda kwechengeteko yake bedzi apo Luther akabviswa pachikuva choupenyu hwavanhu maererano nokutarisira kwaMwari. Asi, huchenjeri husingagumi hwakakunda pamusoro pemamiriro ese nezviitiko nekuda kwehurongwa hwakadzama. Hakusi kuda kwaMwari kuti basa Rake rive nechisimbiso chomunhu mumwe. Vamwe vashandi vaizodanwa kuhondo kana Luther asipo kuti vabatsire kuenzanisa Reformation.

Pamusoro pezvo, nekufamba kwega kwega kwekuvandudza kune njodzi yekuti ichaumbwa zvakanyanya sevanhu kupfuura humwari. Nokuti kana munhu achifarira rusununguko runobva muchokwadi, anokurumidza kukudza avo vakagadzwa naMwari kuti vadambure ngetani dzokukanganisa nokutenda mashura. Vanorumbidzwa, vanorumbidzwa uye vanokudzwa sevatungamiri. Kutoti vakazvininipisa zvapachokwadi, vakazvipira, vasina udyire, uye vasingaori, vanovamba kunzwa vasingatsamiri pana Mwari ndokuvamba kuzvivimba vamene. Nokukurumidza vanotsvaka kudzora ndangariro ndokuganhurira hana, uye vanosvika pakuzviona vamene sounodokuva nzira bedzi iyo Mwari anovhenekera nayo chiedza pachechi yake. Basa rekuvandudza rinowanzononotswa nemweya wevateveri uyu.

Muchengeteko yeWartburg, Luther akazorora kwechinguvana uye aifara pamusoro pechinhambwe kubva mukumhanya kukuru kwehondo. Ari pamadziro enhare akatarisa masango matema kumativi ose, ndokuzotendeudzira maziso ake kudenga ndokuti, 'Utapwa hunoshamisa! Muutapwa nokuzvidira asi ndichipesana nokuda kwangu!’ ‘Ndinyengetererei,’ anonyorera Spalatin. “Hapana chandinoda kunze kweminamato yako. Musandinetse nezvinotaurwa kana kufunga pamusoro pangu panyika. Pakupedzisira ndinogona kuzorora."

Kuva woga uye kuregeredzwa kweiyi makomo okutizira kwakava nechimwe chikomborero uye chinokosha zvikuru kumuchinji. Saka kubudirira hakuna kuenda mumusoro make. Kure akanga ari tsigiro yose yomunhu, akanga asina kudumbirwa netsitsi kana kuti rumbidzo, izvo kazhinji kazhinji zvinotungamirira kumigumisiro yakaipa. Kunyange zvazvo Mwari achifanira kugamuchira rumbidzo yose nembiri, Satani anonangidzira mifungo nemirangariro kuvanhu vanongova zvavo midziyo yaMwari. Anomuisa pakati uye anotsausa kubva pakupa kunodzora zviitiko zvese.

Pano pane ngozi kuvaKristu vose. Pasinei nokuti vangayemura zvakadini mabasa akanaka, okuzvipira evashumiri vaMwari vakatendeka, Mwari chete ndiye anofanira kukudzwa. Huchenjeri hwese, kugona uye nyasha izvo munhu anazvo anozvigamuchira kubva kuna Mwari. Kurumbidzwa kwose kunofanira kuenda kwaari.

Kuwedzera kubudirira

Luther akanga asingagutsikani norugare nokuzorora kwenguva refu. Akanga ajaira hupenyu hwekuita nekukakavara. Kusaita basa kwakanga kusingatsungiririki kwaari. Mumazuva iwayo akasurukirwa akafananidzira mamiriro eChechi. Aifunga kuti hapana akamira pamadziro akavaka Zioni. Akazvifunga zvakare. Aitya kuti kana akarega basa aizopomerwa humbwende, akazvipomera kuti ane usimbe uye nungo. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zuva nezuva aiita zvinhu zvaiita sezvinopfuura vanhu. Anonyora kuti: »Ndiri kuverenga Bhaibheri muchiHebheru nechiGiriki. Ndinoda kunyora chinyorwa cheGermany pamusoro pekureurura kweauricular, ndichaenderera mberi nekushandura Mapisarema uye kunyora muunganidzwa wemharidzo kana ndangogamuchira zvandinoda kubva kuWittenberg. Chinyoreso changu hachimbomire.”

Nepo vavengi vake vaizvibata kumeso kuti akanga anyaradzwa, vakashamiswa noufakazi hunooneka hwomubato wake unopfuurira. Nhamba huru yezvinyorwa kubva peni yake yakatenderera muGermany yose. Kwerinenge gore, akadzivirirwa pahasha dzevavengi vose, akarayira uye akatsiura zvivi zvakanga zvakapararira zvezuva rake.

Akaitawo basa rinokosha zvikuru kuvanhu vomunyika yake nokushandurira rugwaro rwepakutanga rweTestamende Itsva muchiGerman. Neiyi nzira, shoko raMwari raigonawo kunzwisiswa navanhuwo zvavo. Waigona zvino kuzviverengera mashoko ose oupenyu nechokwadi. Akanyanya kubudirira kushandura maziso ese kubva kuna Pope muRoma kuenda kuna Jesu Kristu, Zuva reKururama.

kubva Zviratidzo Zvenguva, Gumiguru 11, 1883