Abanye bagubha isikhumbuzo seminyaka yonke ngoba babheka iSonto njengosuku lokuphumula. Abanye bakhumbula lolu suku ukuze baxwayise ngokuvinjelwa kwenkululeko yenkolelo nekanembeza kanye nokucwaswa kwalabo abacabanga ngendlela ehlukile. Kodwa umthetho wangeSonto kaMarch 7, 321 wawunencazelo ehluke ngokuphelele, edabukisa kakhulu.

UJacques Doukhan ungumJuda futhi, njengeSeventh-day Adventist, naye ungumKristu. Yingakho uye wasebenza kanzima ngobuyena. Ingabe lobu bunikazi buhambisana? Ukuze aphendule le mibuzo, uyakhanyisa encwadini yakhe Israyeli kanye neBandla ubuhlobo phakathi kobuJuda nobuKrestu kusukela ekuqaleni futhi bufika eziphethweni ezijabulisayo. Umthetho wangeSonto udlala indima engatheni kulokhu:

AmaKristu okuqala kwakungamaJuda

Ngokusobala, amaKristu okuqala ayengamaJuda. Bese: UJesu ungumJuda. Uzalo lwakhe, igama lakhe, iziqu zakhe, ubuMesiya bakhe, ukubonakala kwakhe, ulimi lwakhe, indlela akhuliswe ngayo, inkolo, ukudla nobhapathizo, imithandazo yakhe, izimangaliso, izindlela zokufundisa kanye nencazelo yokufa kwakhe njengewundlu lePhasika, ukungcwatshwa kwakhe, ngisho nokungcwatshwa kwakhe. ukwenyuka: yonke into yayingamaJuda ngokuqhubekayo. Akukho lapho ahlukana khona nobuyena.

Abafundi bakhe nabo babengamaJuda. Indlela yabo yobufundi iyodwa yayingamaJuda, kanye nenani labo, ukuthumela, isizinda nokuqeqeshwa. Abazange baguquke basuka ebuJudeni bangena ebuKristwini, kodwa babona uMesiya njengalowo owanikeza incazelo ephelele ngobuJuda babo. Babethi izindinganiso nezimfundiso zobuJuda futhi baqhubeka bengamaJuda kwaze kwaba sekugcineni kwezimpilo zabo.

Imibhalo ingeyamaJuda

UPetru wamane wengeza izincwadi zikaPawulu kulo lonke iBhayibheli ( 2 Petru 3,16:XNUMX ). Ngakho ingabe amaKristu okuqala ayebheka imibhalo yawo njengeyamaJuda? Kunoma yikuphi, imibhalo emidala yeBhayibheli icashunwe kakhulu lapho. Ukwakheka kweTestamente Elisha kusekelwe kuzo. Njengoba ibhalwe amaJuda ebhalela amaJuda, ekuqukethe kubuye kube ubuJuda ngokujulile lapho ihlolisiswa, ngoba igxilisa isigijimi seBhayibheli lesiHeberu ngokujule nakakhulu ezinhliziyweni. Ngisho nemithetho “emisha” yayingemidala, kodwa manje isihambisana nokusha okusha.

Kuze kube manje, amaKristu amaningi azovuma. UkuQothulwa Kwesizwe kwenza abaningi bacabanga ngendlela ehlukile. Ngaphambi kokuQothulwa Kwesizwe, abantu babebona izinto ngendlela ehluke kakhulu. Nokho, bambalwa kuphela abakwaziyo lokhu okutholakele:

AmaJuda amaningi kakhulu ayengamaKristu

Lapho uJesu eshumayela, izixuku zamaJuda zamlandela. Wayethandwa kakhulu kangangokuthi izikhulu ezibusayo zamaJuda zesaba. Ukuze bangaphelelwa amandla, benza itulo lokumbulala. Ngokuphambene nomthetho wamaJuda, bamphenya ebusuku ngenxa yokwesaba abantu. NgePhasika kwakukhona futhi amaJuda amaningi avela kwamanye amazwe eJerusalema ayengamazi kahle uJesu. Basizakala ngalesi simo ukuze bathole kalula isigwebo sentambo kumaRoma. Ayengenakuwasho kalula amazwi athi “Mbethele esiphambanweni” kumaJuda ayehlala kwa-Israyeli, ingasaphathwa eyabantu abangenakubalwa ayebalalisile.

Ukuthandwa kukaJesu akuzange kwehle ngemva kokubethelwa kwakhe esiphambanweni. IzEnzo zikhuluma ngokwanda kumaJuda okungenani angu-20.000 2,41 amukela uMesiya ( IzEnzo 4,4:9,31; 14,1:21,2; 6,7:15,5; 1,16:2,9.10; XNUMX:XNUMX ), kuhlanganise nabapristi nabaFarisi abaningi ( XNUMX:XNUMX; XNUMX ,XNUMX . ). Uma sibheka le mibiko, ngisho neningi lamaJuda ayesemiphakathini ehlakazekile lamemukela uMesiya, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nawo wonke amalungu awo. Ngokwesibonelo, ingxenye yamaTopiya yayingamaJuda, futhi cishe wonke amukela uJesu njengoMesiya. Yonke indawo amaJuda kaMesiya ayeya emasinagogeni asemthethweni ngeSabatha esikhundleni sokuzisungulela ezawo izindawo zokukhulekela. Ngokuba uPawulu washumayela isimiso: “kubaJuda kuqala” ( Roma XNUMX:XNUMX; XNUMX:XNUMX ).

Iningi lamaJuda lahlala lingamaKristu ngisho nangemva kokubhujiswa kweThempeli

IQumran yaketulwa amaRoma ngo AD 68, iThempeli lachithwa ngo AD 70, iMasada yawa ngo AD 73. Lokhu kwabhidliza izikhungo zamaEssene, abaSadusi namaZealot. Zalahlekelwa incazelo yazo futhi zanyamalala emlandweni. Okuwukuphela kwemisinga yamaJuda eyasinda kwakungamaKristu nabaFarisi.

AmaKristu awazange ahlukane namaJuda kwaze kwaba sekhulwini lesine

Ukwenqatshwa kweSabatha kuphela okuvalwe ngokoMthetho WangeSonto WaseConstantin 321 kanye nokwehliswa kokugcina kweTorah ngamaKristu okwaholela ezinkonzweni ezihlukene, ukukhuphuka kobuKristu esimweni sesonto lombuso kanye nokushushiswa kwamaJuda angewona amaKristu. Kwaqalwa ukucwasa ngokwenkolo. AmaKristu aziqhelelanisa nobuJuda futhi asola amaJuda angewona amaKristu ngokuzibulala.

Isimo samaJuda esasiqhubeka siba sibi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka sabangela ukuba atshale ingcebo yawo esiliva negolide, njengoba kwakulula ukuhamba nokucasha. Baqala nokusebenza njengamabhange, omunye wemisebenzi embalwa eyasala kubo eNkathini Ephakathi. I-Ghettoization yaqala. AmaJuda ayebhekwa njengezilokazane eziyingozi. Okunye umlando! Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi i-deicide kufanele iphindiselwe.

I-Replacement Theology

Kwakukhona futhi imfundiso yenkolo eyayisekelwe ekuphikisaneni namaJuda: UNkulunkulu wayewalahlile u-Israyeli futhi ubuKristu bathatha indawo yabo. UPawulu wayekuphikisa kakhulu lokhu (KwabaseRoma 11,1:XNUMXff).

Umbiko wokuqala wokushiswa kwesinagoge uhlehlela emuva ku-355 AD kusuka enyakatho ye-Italy. Kwakhiwa ibandla endaweni yalo. Ngokushesha kwenzeka yonke indawo. Amabutho Enkolo abulala amaJuda ngokwesabekayo futhi kwezinye izindawo awaqeda nya. Ngaphansi kophawu lwesiphambano, iZwe Elingcwele neJerusalema kwathathwa. Isikhathi esithile amaSulumane asaqhubeka enika amaJuda isiphephelo kubashushisi bawo. Kodwa ekugcineni kwaba nokuQothulwa Kwesizwe.

U-Israyeli Kamoya wathatha indawo ka-Israyeli wenyama, umusa wathatha indawo yomthetho, imizwa yathatha indawo ubulungisa nezimiso zokuziphatha, uNkulunkulu onothando uJesu emkhombeni u-YHWH onomona, ojikijela imibani. Ukukholwa kwavumela imfundiso, iTestamente Elidala kwaba Elisha, iSabatha ngeSonto, uNkulunkulu ongabonakali esiphambanweni esibonakalayo. Kwakungaseyona indaba yokuqonda nokuhlangenwe nakho endalweni enkulu kaNkulunkulu, kodwa kwakungenxa yokuhlehla okungokomoya, okunengqondo.

Umsele ojulile

Ekugcineni umhosha ojulile wahlukanisa amaKristu namaJuda. Imfundiso yenkolo, isiko kanye nengqondo yabo kwakhula ngokwehlukana kakhulu engxoxweni ehlangene. AmaKristu anikeza isizathu esikhulu kunazo zonke salokhu; ngoba amaJuda acelwa ukuba alahle ubunjalo bawo futhi abe ngamaKristu noma abhekane nokubandlululwa, ukushushiswa nokufa.

Ngemva kokuQothulwa Kwesizwe, amaJuda namaKristu aqaphela ukuthi ukuthunywa okukhulu kumaJuda kwakufana nokuqothulwa okungokomoya. Kwakuzofaka engozini ukuba khona kwamasiko nobuwena bamaJuda ngokufanayo. Ngakho amaKristu aba nesizotha futhi amaJuda aqala ukumelana nemizamo embalwa eyayisele yomsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli.

Amabhuloho amasha

Kodwa ngemva kwe-Auschwitz, ngisho namaJuda angamaKristu awasakwazi ukukhohlwa ubuJuda bawo futhi avume. Basiza amaKristu ukuba athole izimpande zawo zobuJuda. Sekuqhamuke inhlangano yamaJuda yobuMesiya okuthiwa ikhula ngokushesha kunawo wonke amagagasi amaJuda. AmaJuda amaningi abubheka ngendlela esolisayo njengobuKristu obucashile, njengesu elikhohlisayo elinemibhalo yobuJuda, okumi ngemva kwayo izinhlangano zobuKristu zezithunywa zevangeli. Noma kunjalo, kunamaJuda amaningi kaMesiya agubha ngempela iSabatha nemikhosi, adla i-kosher, enqaba uphawu lwesiphambano nezithombe zikaJesu, esikhundleni samahubo obuKristu, acula amaculo eBhayibheli lesiHeberu ezingoma zamaJuda, aphindaphinde imithandazo yamaJuda. kanye nezibusiso futhi bathuthele kwa-Israyeli.

Ukusuka enzondweni kuye ekwaziseni

Lesi siqephu sencwadi ka-Jacques Doukhan ikakhulukazi sangena ngaphansi kwesikhumba sami:

“Isazi seTestamente Elisha uBrad Young salandisa ngesenzakalo esilandelayo: Eyunivesithi eyaziwa emhlabeni wonke, isazi seTestamente Elisha esaziwayo emhlabeni wonke sathi kubafundi baso: ‘Ukuze umuntu abe umKristu oqotho kumelwe aqale abulale umJuda ohlala kuye.’ umfundi. wabuza, ‘Ingabe usho uJesu?’” (ikhasi 92)

Ngaphandle kwamaJuda, amaKristu ayeyontula ubufakazi ngezimpande zawo. AmaJuda agcina iBhayibheli lesiHebheru, isiHebheru neSabatha liphila. Imikhosi yakhe ikhombisa okuthile nge-joie de vivre nomuzwa wakhe wobuhle. Ngenkolelo yabo ephelele, bayayingabaza indlela yobuchopho yokucabanga kwethu kwamaGreki, okuvame ukusenza sibe ama-theorists.

Iqiniso lokuthi amaJuda amaningi namuhla liyamenqaba uMesiya libangelwa ingxenye enkulu yesikhathi esidlule sobuKristu, kodwa futhi ngenxa yobufakazi bethu banamuhla, obuhlala bungakholakali ngoba sisuke siqhelelene kakhulu nobuJuda bukaJesu, esithi siyamlandela. Ukuxhumana namaJuda kunamandla okusenza siqaphele lobu buthakathaka.

Ngethemba ukuthi lesi sifinyezo sencwadi kaJacques Doukhan Israyeli kanye neBandla kwavusa isithakazelo somfundi ngesihloko. Le ncwadi enamakhasi angama-99 yanyatheliswa ngabashicileli bakwaHendrickson ngo-2002 futhi yaphinde yanyatheliswa ngo-2018 ngabakwa-Wipf nabakwa-Stock Publishers e-Eugene, e-Oregon. Kuyafaneleka ngempela ukufundela noma ubani okwazi ukukhuluma isiNgisi.